每日速读!心算，在S.A.拉钦斯基的乡村学校Устный счет. В народной школе С.А. Рачинского 尼古拉·彼得罗维奇·博格达诺夫

The painting depicts a 19th-century rural school during an arithmetic lesson. The figure of the teacher has a real prototype - Sergei Alexandrovich Rachinsky, a botanist and mathematician, professor at Moscow University. Rural students solve a very interesting example. It can be seen that it is not easy for them. In the picture, 11 students are thinking about a problem, but it seems that only one boy figured out how to solve this example in his head, and quietly says his answer in the teacher"s ear.

(相关资料图)

Nikolai Petrovich dedicated this picture to his school teacher Sergei Alexandrovich Rachinsky, who is depicted on it in the company of his students. Bogdanov-Belsky knew the heroes of his picture very well, since he himself was once in their situation. He was lucky enough to get into the school of the famous Russian teacher, Professor S.A. Rachinsky, who noticed the boy"s talent and helped him get an art education.

这幅画描绘了在算术课上的一所19世纪乡村学校。老师的身材具有真实的原型-植物学家和数学家谢尔盖·亚历山德罗维奇·拉钦斯基（Sergei Alexandrovich Rachinsky），莫斯科大学教授。农村学生解决了一个非常有趣的例子。可以看出，这对他们来说并不容易。在图片中，有11名学生正在思考一个问题，但似乎只有一个男孩想出了解决这个问题的方法，并悄悄在老师的耳朵里说出了自己的答案。

尼古拉·彼得罗维奇（Nikolai Petrovich）将这张画作献给了他的学校老师谢尔盖·亚历山德罗维奇·拉钦斯基（Sergei Alexandrovich Rachinsky），后者在他的学生的陪伴下被描绘。画家非常了解他的作品中的英雄，因为他本人曾经处于这种状况。他很幸运地进入了著名的俄罗斯老师S.A.Rachinsky教授的学校，他注意到了男孩的才华并帮助他接受了艺术教育。

About Rachinsky

Sergei Rachinsky(1833-1902) - Russian scientist, teacher, educator, professor at Moscow University, botanist and mathematician. Continuing the beginnings of his parents, he taught at a rural school, even though the Rachinskys were a noble family. Sergei Alexandrovich was a man of versatile knowledge and interests: in the school art workshop, Rachinsky himself taught painting, drawing and drawing.

In the early period of his teaching career, Rachinsky searched in line with the ideas of the German teacher Karl Volkmar Stoya and Leo Tolstoy, with whom he corresponded. In the 1880s, he became the main ideologist of the parish school in Russia, which began to compete with the zemstvo school. Rachinsky came to the conclusion that the most important of the practical needs of the Russian people is communication with God.

As for mathematics and mental arithmetic, Sergei Rachinsky left behind his famous problem book “1001 mental counting tasks", Some tasks (with answers) from which you can find by.

In 1867, due to the circumstances, Rachinsky left the professorship at Moscow University, returned to his native Tatevo, opened a school there and devoted himself to teaching and raising peasant children. A few years later, the Smolensk village of Tatevo becomes known throughout Russia.

Solving the example on the board

There are several ways to solve an expression written on a blackboard in a painting by Bogdanov-Belsky. If in school you learned the squares of numbers up to 20 or up to 25, then most likely the task on the blackboard will not cause you much difficulty. This expression is equal to: (100 + 121 + 144 + 169 + 196) divided by 365, which ultimately equals 730 divided by 365, that is, "2".

关于拉钦斯基

谢尔盖·拉钦斯基（Sergei Rachinsky，1833-1902年）-俄罗斯科学家，老师，教育家，莫斯科大学教授，植物学家和数学家。尽管拉钦斯基家族是一个高尚的家庭，但他继续他的父母的生活方式，在一所乡村学校任教。谢尔盖·亚历山德罗维奇（Sergei Alexandrovich）是一个知识渊博，兴趣广泛的人：在学校的艺术工作室中，拉钦斯基本人教绘画，素描。

至于数学和心算，谢尔盖·拉钦斯基（Sergei Rachinsky）留下了他著名的问题书“1001心理计数任务”，其中有些任务（带有答案）可以从中找到。

1867年，钦斯基离开了莫斯科大学的教授职位，在到了他的故乡塔特沃，在那里开了一所学校，致力于教养农民子女。几年后，塔特沃（Tatevo）的斯摩棱斯克（Smolensk）村庄在整个俄罗斯广为人知。

在黑板上的解决示例

有几种方法可以解决Bogdanov-Belsky画在黑板上的表达式。如果在学校里您学习了不超过20或不超过25的数字平方，那么黑板上的任务很可能不会给您带来太大的困难。该表达式等于：（100 + 121 + 144 + 169 + 196）除以365，最终等于730除以365，即“ 2”。

心算，在S.A.拉钦斯基的乡村学校Устный счет. В народной школе С.А. Рачинского 尼古拉·彼得罗维奇·博格达诺夫-贝尔斯基（Богданов-Бельский Николай Петрович）油画作品欣赏心算，在S.A.拉钦斯基的乡村学校Устный счет. В народной школе С.А. Рачинского细节图欣赏：正在学习心算的课堂细节图黑板前思考的学生细节图有学生算出了答案细节图前景中的两个男孩细节图教室的环境细节图

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